World oil and gas fields with proppant fracturing Recent Developments

From 1950, fracturing using quartz sand from the Arkansas River and the state of Illinois Ottawa's Saint Peter formations "White" Frac sand. In 1958, Brady from fracturing using brown Frac sand. Although there  Frac sand  fracturing, but its strength is low, only less than 1500 meters can be used well. In 1960, fracturing started using glass beads, plastic beads, walnut shells, but they are easily dissolved.

1970 to 1975, the curable resin wrapped  Frac sand  is present, it's strength and brown than white quartz sand quartz sand high, but its long-term diversion is bad. In 1979, there  ceramic proppant  ， ceramic proppant is sintered bauxite, has high strength, long-term diversion and low-density characteristics. 1980 to 1982, the pre-cured resin quartz sand inclusions appear as a commercial use.

In 1985, low-density ceramic proppant appear, this can prevent scale  Proppant   In 2002, the ultra-low-density ceramic proppant, it is now ultra ceramic proppant in the oil and gas industry is a trend. High-strength, low density, high resistance to crushing force, and high conductivity are required for oil and gas industry.