Reservoir hydraulic fracturing

Hydraulic fracturing is oilfield production, by injection, to maintain stable oil field is an important technology. It is conducted by the liquid pressure performance in the ground using high pressure pump, the formation of absorptive capacity greater than the high-viscosity liquid displacement pump into the well, since the bottom hold pressure, this pressure exceeds the reservoir rock stress and tensile strength , in the formation of cracks, to continue to carry with sand  Proppant  injected into cracks and edges to be extended, while supported. Stop the pump after the formation of the reservoir with a certain width high permeability sand filling cracks, cracks because of this expanded gas flow channel, changing the flow pattern, reducing the flow resistance, can play a role in production by injection, the construction process is reservoir called hydraulic fracturing.
The main function of the fracturing fluid is to pass energy to the oil along the fractures open  fracturing proppant  transport. Its performance is good or bad for the ability to make a sufficient size and with sufficient conductivity sand filling cracks are closely related. Fracturing fluid filtration should have a small, sand-carrying ability, low friction, good stability, good compatibility, low residue, easy flowback characteristics. In addition, because the increasing scale fracturing, increasing the amount of fracturing fluids, fracturing fluids should also have a supply of shopping, low cost, simple preparation of features to meet the large-scale fracturing and new wells fracturing requirements.
The earliest use of the fracturing fluid is oil-based fracturing fluid, in the 1950s began to use guar gum thickener for water-based fracturing fluid, developed in the 60s crosslinked guar gum fracturing fluid, hydroxypropyl guanidine 1970s developed plastic, with a delay of 80 years crosslinked water-based fracturing fluids, fracturing fluids 1990s to "clean" without damage fracturing fluid system development. While  fracturing proppant  performance to some extent determines the well productivity increase.