Shale gas development EU's major concern

Shale gas is adsorbed exist in the form known as the "shale" is extremely dense and rich in organic rock gas, mainly methane, is a very important  Unconventional gas  resources. Has been mined due to technical limitations, this clean energy has not attracted national attention a few years ago on the global oil and gas resources in a region or the total projected results, in general, are not included in the shale gas resources, including .
 
However, as technology continues to improve, shale gas started to become the main force of the rise of clean energy, and its development has led to a situation of natural gas in North America has completely reform, and now, more and more people are concerned about this natural resource could give rest of the world's energy brings new look of the new pattern. Currently,  shale gas  recoverable resources of the top 10 countries were China, the United States, Argentina, Mexico, South Africa, Australia, Canada, Libya, Algeria and Brazil. This 10 countries worldwide technically recoverable resources accounted for 84.5%.

In addition, Poland and France in Europe shale gas resources are more abundant. From the U.S. Energy Information Administration's evaluation results, shale gas resources in these countries are far more than the amount of proven natural gas reserves, the French shale gas resources has proven natural gas reserves of 900 times, China has reached 119 times.
 
Although these countries have very rich shale gas reserves, however, the United States is the earliest research and exploitation of shale gas country, the technology matures also made the U.S. the first to achieve commercial development of shale gas. Shale gas exploitation of the key technologies including horizontal drilling,  Hydraulic fracturing ，  LWD, geosteering, micro seismic monitoring, etc., most of which the first application of technological breakthroughs and are from the United States.


 Back in the 1920s, shale gas began in the eastern United States into mass production. After the 1970s, shale gas exploration and development to expand to the United States, the western horizon is also more rapid increase in production followed. Mid-1970s, annual production of U.S. shale gas was 19.6 billion cubic meters by 1999 had soared to 10.75 billion cubic meters in 2007 to reach 50 billion cubic meters level. Shale gas ratio of total U.S. natural gas production is also rising in 1998, 1.6% in 2003 and 2004, respectively, 3.0% and 4.5% in 2009, the U.S. shale gas output reached 90 billion cubic meters, accounting for 15% of U.S. natural gas production.
 
Shale gas development as the most mature, the United States also continue to cooperate with other countries in the world, trying to open overseas shale gas market. Oklahoma City, shale gas development leading companies - Chesapeake Energy and Statoil company has and the South African company Sasol, in cooperation arid mesa plateau in central South Africa to develop shale gas.
 
In addition, the United States, some smaller companies, such as Northwest energy companies, resource companies and Devon Energy Corporation has already begun working to open the U.S. shale gas market. Also includes some international forces in the world with extensive operational experience of Exxon Mobil Corporation, is looking for shale gas in Poland and Germany. Since China began to attach importance to this emerging natural gas energy and want to try to develop domestic shale gas energy, the United States hopes to export its technology to help China. November 2009, when U.S. President Barack Obama's visit to China, signed the "Sino-US Shale Gas Cooperation Initiative." Because different countries and regions shale gas mining geological environment, ecological, economic and social environment very different, large-scale development of shale gas faces many challenges, such as shale gas will have a huge impact and the role crust may cause geological disasters, to maintain the level required to keep gas drilling new wells, the laying of new pipelines must be such that for many European countries, which means to spend a lot of costs and fees. Moreover, the legal uncertainty makes slow shale gas development in many countries.
 
The EU is concerned about shale gas at most one of the regions most hesitant. 2011 prohibiting the use of the French parliament passed a bill  hydraulic fracturing  technology to become the world's first shale gas say explicitly countries; Hungary because of concerns about water pollution also refused basins containing shale gas exploration, the United Kingdom also hesitant, began to appear within the EU limit exploitation of shale gas  in Europe, the trend in some European countries are closely following the U.S. on shale gas exploration projects to reduce environmental pollution practices.