What is the oil proppant

What is the oil proppant
Also known as oil  frac proppant .  Deep mining in the oil and gas, the high closure pressure low permeability deposits by fracturing treatment, the rock cracked

hydrocarbon, oil and gas from the cracks in the channel formed together out of the fluid injected into the rock grass at this time need to exceed the formation fracture

intensity of pressure on the rock around the wellbore cracks, forming a channel with high flow capacity, in order to maintain open after fracturing the formation of cracks, oil

products can smoothly pass. Along with petroleum proppant into the formation hyperbaric solution filled in the cracks in the rock, play a supporting fissure is closed not

because of the role of stress release, thereby maintaining high conductivity, so that gas flow, increase production.
Proppant performance requirements: 1,  Proppant  have sufficient compressive strength and wear resistance, can withstand the strong injection pressure and friction, and

effectively support the artificial cracks. 2, the relative density of the proppant particles to be low, easy to pump into the underground. 3, proppant particles at a temperature

of 200 degrees under the condition with the fracturing fluid and reservoir fluid chemical reaction does not occur, an acid solubility of the maximum permissible value should be

less than 7%. Currently used mainly quartz sand proppant, bauxite ceramic sand and resin-coated composite particles. Since quartz sand, low cost, low density easy while pumping

have been widely used, but the low end strong quartz sand, the ball is poor, reducing fracture conductivity, does not apply to closed high pressure deep well. Composite resin

coated quartz sand particles sphericity has improved corrosion resistance strong, conductivity is also good, but the product retention period is short, the cost is too high, the

cost of promoting the supremacy of today is not easy, and the use of bauxite ceramic craft  ceramic proppant ，  high density, sphericity, corrosion resistance, high temperature,

high pressure, while costs can be better controlled, thus being more and more widely used in oil and gas fields. Practice has proved that using ceramic proppant fracturing of

oil wells can increase production by 30-50%, but also to extend the service life of oil and gas wells, oil and natural gas wells in low permeability oil and gas exploration,

construction of key materials, not only can increase oil and gas production, And more extended service life of oil and gas wells.  Ceramic proppant  is the main raw material

bauxite, while China is a country rich bauxite, bauxite distribution is highly concentrated, Shanxi, Guizhou, Henan and Guangxi four provinces (area) of the total reserves of

the country's total reserves of 90.9% (41.6% in Shanxi, Guizhou 17.1%, 16.7%, in Henan, Guangxi, 15.5%), the rest has bauxite 15 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities

directly under the total reserves account for only 9.1% of the country's total reserves. Chinese ceramic proppant manufactured good support for its ability to gradually replace

the conventional  Proppant  sand, into the U.S. market. So far, the Chinese-made ceramic proppant has occupied the entire North American ceramic proppant market share of 13%, with

an average annual business volume of 30 billion U.S. dollars.