2013年8月15日星期四

Leading U.S. shale gas development

Six years ago, the United States is also considered a natural gas importer. Between 2000 and 2010, the United States spent to build the infrastructure to one hundred million cubic meters over 1000 regasification of imported liquefied natural gas (LNG); But in 2011, U.S. imports of liquefied natural gas has been less than 20 billion cubic meters,Ceramic proppant but also committed to in the year can be transformed into a regasification facilities for liquefied natural gas export terminal.
All this contributed to torsion of the promoter is shale gas.
The so-called shale gas is shale gas reserves inside. As all the world mud sediments, shale accounted for 60% of the total, so the prospects for shale gas resources are overwhelming. Government agencies from the United States Energy Information Administration data show that shale gas could be the world's total energy recoverable natural gas increased by 40%.
The United States is the first country of shale gas exploitation,frac sand early in 1821, a world's first commercial shale gas exploitation in a small town in the United States.
But since most shale gas exists in more than 1500 meters of rock in the early development of shale gas is very difficult. Until the 1990s, hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling technology development, commercial development of shale gas really have the possibilities. Technological breakthroughs that U.S. unconventional gas production increased significantly, which is also known as "shale gas revolution."
This revolution accelerated the U.S. Energy Development: From 2005-2010, the country's shale gas industry 45% annual growth rate. Shale gas accounted for the entire U.S. natural gas output declined from 4% in 2005 to 24% today. Shale gas revolution in the United States is to promote the rapid development of the chemical industry, and in the past decade has created 1.7 million jobs.
"In the U.S., almost everything points to the development of shale gas industry the right path." Chatham House researcher Paul? Stevens commented. In his view, the development of U.S. shale gas reap the "opportune": government formulated the "open access" pipeline regulations; industry has a large number of drilling rigs and other infrastructure; also makes a strong property rights Land owners can dominate mineral resources. These policies are so far behind other countries in the world.
By "The Economist" comment to describe, and now the U.S. production of natural gas "is already more than I do not know how to dispose of." Although the United States to minimize the production of natural gas, but the daily output is still 85 billion cubic meters, larger than consumption. Natural gas prices have fallen also allow sufficient, long ago, in the energy prices, natural gas prices are one-tenth of the oil, now is the fiftieth.
Royal Dutch Shell boss Peter? Voser expected that by 2015, shale gas prices will double. But still lower than the prices in Europe and Asia, so there should still be room for growth in the industry. It is predicted that at current production rates if the U.S. natural gas sufficient to maintain more than a century.
Now let Americans headache is to find more users to consume these excess gas. U.S.  shale gas  elsewhere in the world but also to feel the tremendous impact: once exclusively for the U.S. market Qatari LNG will be the next target has now been transferred to the relative scarcity of energy in Japan and the EU, given its low price of Russian great pressure. We know that the EU is the largest user of Russian gas, Russia's export volume accounted for 2/3, and in accordance with the formula to determine the long-term price of Russian gas prices are high or even higher than 30% of the spot market. Not only that, including China, Australia, Argentina and Europe and other countries, have begun to consider large-scale production of shale gas.

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