Industrial waste oil proppant material preparation program about

With increasing levels of technology, human-generated solid waste is also growing, a lot of solid waste piling up posing a great threat to the survival of the environment. After solid waste generally refers to human access to the target component in the process of production, processing, distribution, consumption and life in discarding the solids and mud-like substance. According to management needs can be divided into three categories: industrial solid waste, toxic and hazardous waste and municipal solid waste. These wastes are stored not only take up a lot of land, and the resulting solid dust piled on the environment caused great harm. SOLID WASTE, has important implications for the current development of China's circular economy. For the preparation of industrial waste oil fracturing proppant means of industrial solid waste has a high content of alumina, silica and other useful components, such as red mud, fly ash, ceramic roller production wastes. With these solid waste oil fracturing oil fracturing proppant preparation that can be salvaged, but also protect the environment, is a direction of development of petroleum proppant.
Red mud is bauxite alumina production of solid waste generated in the process, it is estimated that the world produces about 60 million T red mud annually. Our red mud annually in more than 4 million t, stacked two billion cumulative nationwide yellow t, but the comprehensive utilization rate is only about 15%. Red mud piled up a lot of land and farmland, consuming more stacked construction and maintenance costs, and red mud fluoride, alkali and other contaminants in the immersion will be a substantial dissolution and leaching, contaminated groundwater sources; solid powder will cause dust pollution affecting the ecological environment and human health. The use of red mud have been related to the preparation of ceramic isp proppant reported 尹国勋 other major raw materials used for the red mud, supplemented by fly ash, coal gangue and other materials, add a small amount of additives, prepare a new type of ceramic. The preparation of ceramic density rating of 600, the anti-particle pressure 410N, cylinder compressive strength equivalent to 5.5MPa. Chinese patent application discloses a "red mud acid fracturing proppant preparation methods," the percentage of raw material quality is: red mud 20% to 60%, aluminum-containing material 20% to 60%, 5% barium-containing substance to 5% plasticizer 5% to 15%. Preparation process of acid fracturing proppant is red mud and aluminum-containing material into a ball milling, get some strength powder, followed by the addition of barium-containing substances, plasticizers milling mixing, particles made of semi-finished products, in 1200 ~ 1400 degrees from sintering 1 ~ 3h. Tian et al conducted a study, prepared by acid pressure bright red mud proppant, the main raw material used in the red mud, refractory waste, barium carbonate, plasticizers. Studies suggest that: proppant acid resistance due to the formation of the improvement in the sintering process monoclinic barium feldspar BaAl2Si2O8.
Fly ash is pulverized coal in the boiler fuel power plants and other industrial waste discharge, the chemical composition of the most SIO2 content (45% to 60%), followed by AL2O3 (18% ~ 40%), the rest is for a small amount The Fe2O3], CaO, MgO, K2O, loss on ignition and so on. INNER fly ash as the main raw material, doped with a certain amount of clay and a small amount of pore-forming agent and water points by allowing mixed to prepare microspheres made of high-temperature roasting two Lytag for analog fluoridated water fluoride treatment. Guanjie trial stamp and other high-volume fly ash sintered ceramic, the ceramic has a light weight, high strength, low thermal conductivity, good fire resistance, impermeability, acoustic, chemical stability. However, due to the low intensity reasons, this ceramic proppant fracturing of oil can not be used.
Ceramic Roller Waste is ceramic roller production process waste, the current domestic production of ceramic rods scrap, production and use of fracture roller annually 8000 ~ 10000t. Chemical composition of ceramic roller scrap aluminum oxide content greater than 60%, an alternative high quality bauxite or industrial alumina powder preparation of ceramic hsp proppant of oil sticks scrap either reduce production costs, but also can guarantee the quality.

Calcination temperature influence on the quality of ceramic proppant of

  Firing a ceramic proppant production in the last process, have a great impact on its microstructure and macroscopic proppant suppliers . After determining the ratio of the sample will produce a fine powder in the firing process at a lower temperature between the liquid phase, while also British to the reaction and petrochemical corundum phase transformation occurs, it is necessary to control the firing temperature, so that maintained in an optimum temperature range, thus ensuring after firing has an excellent overall performance. If the temperature is too high there will be over-burning phenomenon, and ferric oxide (Fe203) of content. After generating the liquid surface, hindering oxygen diffusion to the center, then it will happen Fe203 = 2Fe0 + I / 20z reaction. Due to the volume effect of the strength and density of the reaction products are reduced. If the calcination temperature is too low there will be less burning phenomenon, due to insufficient sintering, its intensity is reduced. In the production process of the actual situation shown in Figure 4.5.
The figure shows that the firing temperature has little effect on the bulk density, but have a greater impact on the fragmentation rate and acid solubility. Minimum breakage rate corresponding firing temperature was 1360 ℃, while the corresponding acid solubility best when firing temperature is 1350 ℃. Therefore, in order to obtain the desired combination of properties, the firing temperature must be controlled at between 1350-1370 ℃; to producing a high strength low density proppant , the firing temperature should be controlled at about 1360 ℃, the solubility of the acid <5%, can meet Claim.

How to ensure the quality of raw materials oil fracturing proppant fracturing fluid

Test fracturing fluid components before the job is to ensure that the only method used by the fracture stimulation fluid has the expected performance. On water-based fracturing fluid, the mixed water must meet defined specifications. The water should be mixed with substantially no free iron relative state (<25mg / LF min +), and sadness can promote or catalyze peroxy gel degradation bisulfate (persulfate) Other reducing agents breaker reaction (Ely, 1985). Mixed water pH on the hydration rate of the polymer. If the pH of the mixed water is low, may be faster hydration, and the formation of gel. If the mixing water pH is too high, the gel hydration very slowly. Water temperature also affects the rate of hydration, the water temperature can be increased to accelerate the rate of hydration of polymer (viscosity increase). Frac tank with water to make a linear (pre-crosslinked) gel polymer samples required site. Through testing, field use to ensure proper dispersion and hydration (increase in viscosity) good gel.
If it reaches the appropriate viscosity, can evaluate the performance of cross-linking agent. hydraulic fracturing  sample containing the appropriate concentration of the crosslinking agent is heated to accelerate the crosslinking and form a thick gel. In addition to the requirements of the overall performance of the gel, the gel time should be required for crosslinking (crosslinking time) measurements. Crosslinking time measuring common field test method is a vortex closed test, the static hardness testing (Hodge and Baranet.1987) and the use of a falling ball viscometer (Cawiezel and Elbel.1990). Vortex closure test method is to stir the polymer solution in the blender to form a vortex. Then adding the crosslinking agent, the time required to close the vortex, i.e., the time required for the formation of a calm surface, called the vortex closure time. Hardness test is a static liquid components were mixed together, and then back and forth between the two containers perfusion. (Like lumps appear in between the fibers or when the vessel perfusion) when the liquid looks very thick, is the cross-linking time. With the falling ball viscometer crosslinked liquid gradually showing the time required for the suspension characteristics. Hodge and Baranet (1987) noted that the eddy current testing closed and static hardness tests are often inaccurate, because the test does not simulate the liquid in the pipe is exposed to heat or shearing action occurring in the wellbore. Both of these factors greatly affect the crosslinking rate and viscosity growth. As discussed in the results of the 761, the use of double cross-linking system does not accurately control crosslinking time.
Not all mixing water or fracturing fluid additives are compatible. When using the site materials preparation of test samples, should include all components. Preferably before the laboratory work and before adjustment by testing various materials found serious problems exist in terms of compatibility. To determine the fracturing fluid performance at elevated temperatures of how often used Fann 50 rheometer test liquid properties, initial testing should reveal problems associated with chemical agents, or issues related to the mixing water or oil source.
Once mixed liquid, i.e., any time to monitor any continuous mixing linear gel viscosity, and it is determined that the problem is likely to arise. In addition, the crosslinked fluid sample should be checked periodically. Ely (1985) gives a detailed discussion of the quality assurance process.

About the new project was formally signed oil proppant

400,000 tons of oil fracturing proppant project by Yangquan moderation ceramic Co., Ltd. invested 500 million yuan construction project covers an area of ​​110 acres, the project in two phases, a project to invest 100 million yuan, annual production capacity of 100,000 tons Oil fracturing proppant production line is expected to be put into operation in June 2013. Phase II invested 400 million yuan, is expected to start construction in early 2014.
The doctrine of the company's current project to introduce the latest international standards of production technology and production lines to low-grade bauxite and kaolin-based materials, through a unique process and formulation of raw materials, production of the current and future market demand for high quality and maximum The new oil fracturing ceramic proppant density. Completion of the project will completely change the traditional concept of the current production of ceramic sand, ceramic sand to lead the restructuring and development of the industry, to fill the Chinese ceramic industry, production of low density ceramic sand sand blank, reached international advanced level ceramic sand industry. Completion of the project annual production capacity of 400,000 tons, will become the country's largest, highest-tech, most powerful manufacturers.
In terms of energy saving, oil proppant testing  projects using natural gas as fuel, the production process is fully automated, waste water, waste, zero exhaust emissions. This project uses the latest practical energy saving device, kiln firing kiln dust and pre-concentrate dryer flue gas discharge point, so that the chamber re-use of waste heat. Especially after the adoption of the steam dryer and vacuum dust collection bag, Dust concentrations below 40 mg, far below the national residential and industrial areas of less than 80 mg of less than 120 milligrams of environmental requirements.

Ceramic proppant demand for oil rising rapidly increasing

Petroleum proppant known as oil fracturing proppant . After deep mining at the oil and gas, high pressure low permeability Deposits closed after fracturing treatment, the rock cracked hydrocarbon, oil and gas passage from the cracks formed collection out, then need to inject fluid rock grassroots to exceed formation fracture pressure strength, so that cracks the rock around the wellbore to form a channel with a high-level flow capacity to keep the cracks open after fracturing the formation of oil and gas product can smoothly pass. Petroleum lightweight proppant along with high-pressure solution is filled into the formation in rock fissures, cracks do not play a supporting closed due to stress release effect, thereby maintaining high conductivity, so that oil and gas flow, increase production.

Oil fracturing proppant equipment, is summed up in the basis of our previous production of ceramic sand production line equipment, drawing on a number of technical advantages of domestic export enterprises ultra lightweight proppant used, and with Henan University and other key state institutions and laboratory cooperation, through each section of the production line equipment, structure, configuration, operation, improvement and optimization of testing and other aspects, so that oil fracturing proppant ceramic sand production equipment have greatly improved in quality, production, operating costs and so on. The ceramic sand production equipment to meet the production process of oil fracturing proppant suppliers products. Capable of producing anti-fragmentation and 69Mpa to 53Mpa conventional products, and anti-fragmentation of 86MPa and 102Mpa products, grain diameter of 0.2 ~ 0.9mm, in full compliance with Q / SH0051-2007 standards.

How to produce high-quality oil fracturing proppant

Oil fracturing proppant production process, increase the moisture in the spray granulation process required to evaporate the moisture also increase, which will cause the particles to form a small hole in its strength reduces water evaporation fracking process , while there will be particles of roundness unbalanced shape, that is not too small particles of irregular shape. Under the formula remains unchanged, if the water is less than the mud 20mas%, because the flow is too low and will not be out of the ball mill, ball mill will be trapped in the mud. Some will even out of stagnation in the pipe mill and mixing tank between, so that production can not be along the line; if the water is greater than the mud 28 mass%, so all of them can flow into the mud stirred tanks. However, due to excessive moisture, proppant production in spray granulation process smaller particles, about 90% of the particles between 0.1-0.2 mm, reach the next step process requirements, while extending the time required for dehydration, cause the particles are not completely dry falls splice apparatus, causing mutual bonding between the particles and the particles together to form larger irregular particles, can not play the advantages of spray granulation, under the influence of anterograde step process.

Oil fracturing proppant knowledge introduction

Ceramic proppant acid fracturing of oil is a product of ceramic particles with high fracture strength, mainly for the oil well supported, to increase production of oil and natural gas, an environmentally friendly product. This product is the use of high-quality bauxite and other raw materials, sintered ceramic, is a substitute for natural quartz sand, glass beads, metal balls and other low-strength proppant, to increase production of oil and gas has a positive effect. When oil and gas exploration in deep, high pressure low permeability Deposits closed after fracturing treatment, the rock cracked hydrocarbon, oil and gas from the channel formed by the collection out of the cracks. Ceramic support material along with high-pressure solution is filled into the formation in rock fissures, cracks do not play a supporting closed due to stress release effect, thereby maintaining high conductivity, so that oil and gas flow, increase production. Practice has proved that the use of ceramic proppant fracturing wells can increase production by 30-50%, but also to extend the service life of oil and gas wells.
Uses: ceramic proppant fracturing of oil can be used in fracturing fluid deep, high-pressure oil and gas layers. High quality bauxite, the raw material for the king to be finely ground into a fine powder after crushing, with various additives, repeatedly kneading, granulation, polishing. Sintered at high temperature, the product has high strength, low density, good sphericity, finish high conductivity and strong advantages. My company's products by China Petroleum Exploration and Development Research Institute, Langfang Branch support evaluation laboratory testing, the performance indicators fully meet SY / T5108-2006, SY / T6302-1997 standard, currently in the lead.
Product Category:
1, according to the anti-fragmentation were 52MPa (7500psi), 69MPa (1000psi) and 86MPa (12500psi), 102MPa (15000psi) four series.
2, divided by the bulk density: low-density, medium density, high density.
3, according to the specifications are as follows: 12-20 mesh, 16-20 mesh, 16-30 mesh, 20-40 mesh, 30-50 mesh, 40-60 mesh, 40-70 mesh, 70-100 mesh and so on.
To meet the needs of domestic and international oil and gas wells, deep wells user can choose different intensity and different specifications